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  首頁 > 影音網>拜習會台灣定位 Biden: Taiwan Decides
拜習會台灣定位 Biden: Taiwan Decides

[轉載自:民報]

[謝鎮寬]於2021-11-23 14:11:11上傳[]

 




拜習會台灣定位
Biden: Taiwan Decides

拜習會晨昏顛倒

2021年11月15日華府美東時間晚上7:45pm,美國總統拜登,與中國國家主席習近平,於北京時間11月16日上午8:45am,舉行美中高峰視訊會議。美方以拜登為首,主座前有美國國務卿布林肯、美國總統國家安全事務助理和國安顧問沙利文(Jacob Jeremiah Sullivan)、美國財政部長耶倫(Janet Yellen)、白宮國家安全會議(NSC)印太事務協調官坎貝爾(Kurt Campbell)、白宮國家安全會議中國事務資深主任羅森柏格(Laura Rosenberger)座有6位陪同出席。中方則是由,習近平率領中共中央辦公廳主任丁薛祥、國務院副總理劉鶴、中央外事工作委員會辦公室主任楊潔篪、國務委員兼外交部長王毅、外交部副部長謝鋒,七人一字排開列席。雙方擺出不同文化層次的陣仗對壘,美國是以傳統的繞桌圍坐在白宮一處會議室,搭配已是夜晚入暮時分場景一片溫馨祥和;而中國則以兩軍對幹架勢,於朝陽初升之際在人民大會堂東大廳叫陣,頗有暗諷東升西降之意。這場舉世矚目的美中高峰會,就在如此日夜顛倒、極不對稱的時空場景下拉開序幕。https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CoZ4I8Lh5xk

建構常識性護欄

拜登首先開場說:「我很高興有時間會面,期待彼此有如以往坦率而直接的對話。作為中美兩國領導人,我們似乎有責任確保我們國家之間的競爭,不會在無論是有意還是無意地導致衝突,取代原本是簡單、直截了當的競爭。在我看來,我們必須建立一些常識性護欄,分歧之處要誠實清楚說明,利益相交處則要共同努力,尤其是在像全球氣候變遷等重大議題。我們之間的雙邊關係,不但深遠影響到我們的國家,還影響到整個世界。我們對世界,以及我們的人民負有責任。我們已經討論過這個問題,所有國家都必須遵守相同的規則。美國將捍衛我們,及盟邦的利益和價值。今天將討論我們所關注的領域,從人權到經濟,再到確保印太地區的自由與開放。當其他世界領袖問起我們的關係時,我們必須保持坦誠溝通,絕不會讓人私下猜疑。所以我想,彼此坦率和直接溝通,有關我們當務之急和意圖,是非常重要。我期待著進入主題,和廣泛實質的議程。」

老朋友合作共贏

接著由習近平致詞:「看到老朋友,感到很高興。當前中美發展,都處在關鍵階段。人類是一個地球村,我們面臨諸多挑戰。中美作為世界前兩大經濟體,以及安理會的常任理事國,應該加強溝通和合作。我們要各自處理好國內的事,同時要承擔各自的國際責任,共同推進人類和平與發展的崇高事業,這是我們兩國,和世界人民的共同願望,也是中美兩國領導人的共同使命。推動中美各自發展,維護世界和平穩定國際投資環境,包括剛才講到的有效應對環球氣變,與新冠疫情在內的全球性發展,都需要有一個健康穩定的中美關係。中美應該相互尊重,和平共處,合作共贏,我願同總統先生一道,形成共識,積極行動,引領中美關係積極向前發展。這是造福兩國人民的需要,也是國際社會的期待。我也願意與總統先生,就前題性的問題,全面廣泛地開展交流。」

提老朋友沒必要

拜習開場致詞後,隨即進入實質廣泛的閉門對談討論,峰會前後進行了大約四個小時,在美東已將近半夜,這對一個還差5天 (11月20日) ,就年滿79歲的老人拜登來說,實在是一種折騰。拜習兩人究竟為什麼要在這個時間點舉行會談,到底談了些什麼?其實習近平剛剛才結束了六中全會,他是迫切需要拿這次峰會,來向中國人民炫耀、來紓解中國近年民生疾苦、企業倒閉、生產停滯、恆大破產、疫情氾濫的衝擊,來塑造中國共同富裕的假象,來點綴他即將接掌,中國國家領導人無限任期的豐功偉業。習近平在致詞時稱拜登老朋友,可能是客套話,但白宮發言人莎奇Jen Psaki卻在第一時間給予否認,說這純屬公務往來,沒有必要稱兄道弟,老朋友談不上,沒必要not necessary。

未提病毒是敗筆

整場峰會,不知是有心還是無意,遺漏了追究讓全球遭殃、世界大流行疫情病毒的起源,是一大敗筆。不過台灣議題,卻因而成了這次峰會,受到國際矚目的焦點。中國官媒央視公告的拜習會聲明稿宣稱:「美國政府致力於奉行長期一貫的一個中國政策,不支持台獨,希望台海地區保持和平穩定。」但白宮聲明針對台灣議題的說法則為,「總統拜登強調,美國持續奉行基於台灣關係法、美中三個聯合公報及六大保證的一中政策,美方也強烈反對,單方改變台海現狀,或削弱穩定和平的行為。同時在過程中,表達對新疆、西藏、香港問題及人權事務上的憂心。」不支持台獨,是中國自己編造假議題。

台灣自己做決定

既然中國官媒拿拜登不支持台獨來做文宣,自然引起台美及國際社會嚴重地關切和討論。拜登16日在新罕布夏州接受媒體訪問時,被問到拜習會上是否在台灣議題上取得進展,拜登說:「是的,我們非常明確地表明支持台灣法Yes, We made very clear we support the Taiwan Act and that’s it。它是獨立的,由它自己做決定。It’s independent. It makes its own decisions. 我們不鼓勵獨立,但鼓勵他們完全按照台灣法的要求去做。這正是我們所在做的,讓他們自己決定。We are not encouraging independence. We’re encouraging that they do exactly what the Taiwan act requires. That’s what we’re doing. Let them make up their mind. 我們根本不會改變我們的政策,我說他們必須做出決定——他們,台灣,而不是我們。We’re not going to change our policy at all, I said that they have to decide — they, Taiwan, not us.」

拜登授權台自決

上面所引述的這段談話,相信是自1951年舊金山和約簽署後,對台灣是否被允許有權住民自決,最具權威的詮釋。因為拜登是當今美國現任總統,也就是在舊金山和約中所載,台灣主要佔領權國美國軍事政府的三軍統帥,代表當今的美國這個國家與政府,他是現職在位的總統,他說的話當然算數。過去曾有人叫囂,台灣未來要由海峽兩邊的中國人來解決It is a matter for the Chinese people, on both sides of the Taiwan Strait, to solve peacefully.但問題是,台灣有超過87%的住民,不認為自己是中國人。現在拜登公開地告知世人,台灣的未來,是要由台灣人、他們自己來決定。夠清楚了吧!

台灣法世界人權

拜登一再鼓勵台灣,完全遵照台灣法去做。那台灣法,是否有給台灣住民保留,自己當家作主的空間呢?台灣關係法第2c條規範:「本法律的任何條款不得違反美國對人權的關切,尤其是對於臺灣地區一千八百萬名居民人權的關切(現為2300萬)。玆此重申維護及促進所有臺灣人民的人權是美國的目標。」依據世界人權宣言「第15條之一、人人有權享有國籍。之二、任何人的國籍不得任意剝奪,亦不得否認其改變國籍的權利。」既然美國政府於台灣法第15-2條,已正式聲明不再承認中華民國;同時,美國聯邦哥倫比亞地方法院法官柯祐Rosemary Collyer,於2008年3月18日針對林訴美案判決書,公開聲明:「原告(台灣人)近 60 年來,基本上都是沒有國籍的人。Plaintiffs have essentially been persons without a state for almost 60 years.」由是觀之,台灣關係法確實有給台灣人民,預留住民自決的空間,只是必須由美國政府最高行政部門來做政治確認。現在拜登以現任總統身份,親口經由視頻來宣布,台灣必須自己來決定他們的未來。前後貫穿,其意明矣!https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/2329820/lin-v-united-states/

當家作主靠自己

回顧台灣四百年歷史,荷、鄭、清、日、中,每當列強聚首會談時,台灣總是淪為供桌上的祭品。1895年4月17日大清李鴻章,與日本伊藤博文簽訂馬關條約;因為中日甲午戰爭滿清戰敗,就把台灣與澎湖的完整主權,永久割讓給日本。1950年9月8日全球51個國家的代表政要,與日本首相吉田茂聚首招開舊金山和平會議,最後有48個國家代表與吉田茂在和約上簽字,日本正式宣佈放棄對台灣與澎湖的治權、產權與債權。歷史告訴我們,台灣島上住民從來就不曾參與,決定自己命運的國際會議。因為台灣至今仍未建立,一個擁有自己領土主權的台灣政府,以致國際社會一直在議論、尋找、定位,誰是台灣的主權者?主權是歸代表人民的政府擁有,而不屬於任何個人。遺憾的是,我們至今仍未看到,一個合法代表全體台灣人民的台灣政府。拜登日前清楚地告訴我們,台灣想當家作主,就得靠台灣自己去爭取,而不是要依賴任何其他友邦,來替咱建國打天下。

誰是台灣主權者

2009年4月7日美國聯邦上訴法院、哥倫比亞巡迴法庭、巡迴法官布郎Circuit Judge Brown,在林訴美案 Lin v. USA 判決書中所指:「誰是台灣的主權者?上訴人,甚至可能是正確的;仔細分析舊金山和約可能結論出,美國擁有臨時的主權。但我們永遠不會知道,因為政治問題原則禁止我們開始這樣的分析。」Who is Taiwan’s sovereign? Appellants may even be correct; careful analysis of the SFPT might lead us to conclude the United States has temporary sovereignty. But we will never know because the political question doctrine forbids us from commencing that analysis. 處理上訴人之申訴需要台灣主權者的身份。行政部門故意對這個問題保持沉默,我們是不能干涉其決定。因此,地方法院已正確地做出結論,判決上訴人的申訴受限於政治問題原則。Addressing Appellants’ claims would require identification of Taiwan’s sovereign. The Executive Branch has deliberately remained silent on this issue, and we cannot intrude on its decision. Therefore, as the district court correctly concluded, consideration of Appellants’ claims is barred by the political question doctrine.」 https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/cadc/08-5078/08-5078-1174554-2011-03-24.html

二七五八台灣路

誰是台灣主權者,一直是多年來,海內外台灣人探索的議題。舊金山和約告訴我們,美國是二戰後台灣的主要佔領權國,擁有台灣的臨時過渡主權。但聯邦法院巡迴法官判決,台灣地位受限於政治問題原則,所以無法判定台灣現有的國際法理地位。現在美國最高行政部門首長、美國總統,公開宣稱台灣未來、他們必須自己決定、不是美國。因此,全體台灣人民必須深思熟慮,究竟是要選擇當台灣人,還是要當中(華民)國人?法理上,聯合國2758號決議,已判定中華民國自1971年10月25日起,被中華人民共和國所繼承,如果我們還自稱是中華民國、或中華民國台灣,那不就是犯賤欠揍討皮疼、自尋死路嗎?中國當然也就不會客氣要來接收。

由台灣自己決定

美國一再重申必須以和平方式,來處理台灣議題;但美國從來沒有要求以和平方式,來結束國共內戰的未竟殘局。因此我們必須清清楚楚地,把自己定位為台灣;而不是那,不清不楚的中華民國,既要擁有台灣、又想代表中國。台灣若想要自己當家作主、建立自己的國家,當然就得必須靠自己的努力去爭取,而不是靠老美來替咱賣命。拜登說:「他們必須決定,他們、台灣、不是我們(美國)。They have to decide — they, Taiwan, not us.」看來這場拜習峰會,正是開啟台灣法理定位的契機。

謝鎮寬
加州、海沃

https://www.peoplenews.tw/news/be176dfb-20c4-428c-afe9-ed94c8607174
民報
【專文】拜習會台灣定位
文/謝鎮寬(加州、海沃) 2021-11-23 14:30

Biden: Taiwan decides

Biden-Xi summit upside down morning and dusk

At 7:45pm EDT on November 15, 2021, US President Biden and Chinese President Xi Jinping will hold a US-China summit virtual conference at 8:45am on November 16th, Beijing time. The United States is headed by Biden. In front of the main seat are U.S. Secretary of State Anthony Blinken, U.S. President's Assistant to National Security Affairs and National Security Advisor Jacob Jeremiah Sullivan, U.S. Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen, and the White House National Security Conference (NSC). The Pacific Affairs Coordinator, Kurt Campbell, and Laura Rosenberger, Senior Director of China Affairs of the White House National Security Conference, were accompanied by six people. The Chinese side is led by Xi Jinping, Director of the General Office of the CPC Central Committee, Ding Xuexiang, Vice Premier Liu He, Director of the Office of the Central Committee for Foreign Affairs Yang Jiechi, State Councilor and Minister of Foreign Affairs Wang Yi, and Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs Xie Feng. Seven sit in a row. The two sides put on battles of different cultural levels. The United States sits around a table in a conference room in the White House in a traditional way. The match is already a warm and peaceful scene at nightfall, while China is in a confrontational posture between the two militaries. At the beginning of the rising sun, the battle was held in the East Hall of the Great Hall of the People, which was quite ironic. This world-renowned US-China summit kicked off in such a highly asymmetrical time and space scene that reversed day and night.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CoZ4I8Lh5xk

Establish a commonsense guardrail

Biden first said: “I am happy we’ve had time to meet and look forward to a candid and forthright discussion like all the discussions we’ve had thus for now. As I’ve said before it seems to me our responsibility as leaders of China and the United States to ensure that competition between our two countries does not vary to conflict whether intended or unintended, just for simple straightforward competition. It seems to me we need to establish common sense guardrails to be clear and honest where we disagree and work together where our interests intersect especially on vital issues like climate change. None of this is a favor to either our countries. What we do for one another. But assist responsible world leadership. You’re a major world leader and so is the United States. Our bilateral relationship evolve seems to me to have profound effect not only on our countries but quite frankly the rest of the world. We have a responsibility to the world as well as to our people. That’s why we believe you and I have talked about this. All countries have to play by the same rules of the road. By the United States is always going to stand up for our interests and values and those of our allies and partners. I am sure that today we’ll be discussing those areas where we have concerns from human race to economics to ensuring a free and open Indo-Pacific. I think it’s very important as I’ve told other world leaders when they ask about our relationship is that we have always communicated with one another very honestly candidly and that we never walk away wondering what the other man is thinking. And I think that’s an important ingredient for this relationship to be open and candid in terms of our relationship. I do think it’s important we communicate honestly and directly to one another about our priorities and our intentions. I look forward to getting down to business and the extensive in substance of agenda. We have ahead of us.”

Old friends for mutual benefits

Then Xi Jinping delivered a speech: “I’m very happy to see my old friend. Right now, both China and the United States had critical stages of development and humanity lives in a global village and we face multiple challenges together as the world’s two largest economies and the permanent members of the UN Security Council. China and the United States want to increase communication and cooperation. We should each run our domestic affairs and at the same time show that our share of international responsibilities and work together to advance the noble cause of world peace and development. This is a shared desire of the people of our two counties and around the world and the joint mission of Chinese and American leaders. A sound and steady China your relationship is required for advancing our two countries respective development and for safeguarding a peaceful and stable international environment including finding effective responses to global challenges such as climate change which you referenced and the Covid pandemic. China and the United States should respect each other coexist in peace and pursue win-win cooperation. I stand ready to work with you Mr. President to build consensus take active steps and move China U.S. relations forward in a positive direction. Doing so would advance the interests of our two peoples and meet the expectation of the international community. I now look forward to a wide ranging and comprehensive discussion with you Mr. President on overarching issues.”

Business talks old friend not necessary

After Biden and Xi’s opening speech, they immediately entered into a substantial and extensive closed-door discussion. The summit lasted for about four hours. It was almost midnight in the East of the United States. This pair was only 5 days away (November 20) of his 79th birthday. For Biden, the old man, it is really a toss. Why on earth did the two people hold the meeting at this odd moment, and what did they talk about? Xi has just concluded the Sixth Plenary Session. He urgently needs to take this summit to show off to the Chinese people, to relieve China’s recent years of suffering from people’s livelihood, corporate failures, production stagnation, Evergrande’s bankruptcy, and the spread of the epidemic, to shape China’s common prosperity illusion of wealth has come to embellish his imminent succession, the great achievements of China's national leader indefinite term. In his speech, Xi Jinping called Biden’s old friend, which may be a polite remark, but White House spokesperson Jen Psaki denied it at the first time, saying that this is purely an official transaction, and there is no need to call brothers, and old friends can’t talk about it, and it’s not necessary.

A big mistake to skip COVID virus

During the entire summit, I do not know whether it was intentional or unintentional. It was a big failure to omit to investigate the origin of the pandemic virus that caused the world to suffer. However, the Taiwan issue has thus become the focus of international attention at this summit. The Chinese state media CCTV announced the Biden-Xi meeting statement: "The U.S. government is committed to pursuing the long-term and consistent one-China policy. It does not support Taiwan independence and hopes that the Taiwan Strait will maintain peace and stability." But the White House statement on the Taiwan issue said, " President Biden emphasized that the United States continues to pursue the one-China policy based on the Taiwan Relations Act, the three U.S.-China Joint Communiqués and the six major guarantees. The U.S. also strongly opposes unilateral changes to the status quo across the Taiwan Strait or weakening stability and peace. At the same time, in the process, Expressing concern about Xinjiang, Tibet, Hong Kong issues and human rights issues." The U.S. does not support Taiwan independence, it is China's own fabricated issues.

Taiwan makes its own decisions

Since the Chinese state media claimed that Biden did not support Taiwan independence as a propaganda, it naturally aroused serious concern and discussion in Taiwan, the US, and the international community. When Biden was interviewed by the media in New Hampshire on the 16th, he was asked whether the meeting had made progress on Taiwan issues. Biden said: " Yes, we made very clear we support the Taiwan Act and that's it. It's independent. It makes its own decisions. We're encouraging that they do exactly what the Taiwan act requires. That's what we're doing. Let them make up their mind. We're not going to change our policy at all, I said that they have to decide — they, Taiwan, not us.”

Biden declares Taiwan Self-determination

The passage quoted above is believed to be the most authoritative interpretation of whether Taiwan is allowed to self-determination by its citizens since the signing of the San Francisco Peace Treaty in 1951. Because Biden is the current president of the United States, that is, as stated in the San Francisco Peace Treaty, the commander-in-chief of the US military government of Taiwan’s main occupying power represents the country and government of the United States. He is the current president, he said Of course it counts. In the past, people clamored that Taiwan’s future will be solved by the Chinese on both sides of the Taiwan Strait. It is a matter for the Chinese people, on both sides of the Taiwan Strait, to solve peacefully. But the problem is that Taiwan has more than 87% of the residents, no Think of yourself as Chinese. Now Biden is publicly telling the world that the future of Taiwan is decided by the people of Taiwan themselves. Clear enough!

TRA implies UDHR

Biden has repeatedly encouraged Taiwan to fully comply with Taiwan's laws. So, does Taiwanese law leave room for Taiwanese residents to be the masters of their own homes? Article 2c of the Taiwan Relations Act stipulates: " Nothing contained in this Act shall contravene the interest of the United States in human rights, especially with respect to the human rights of all the approximately eighteen million inhabitants of Taiwan (currently 23 million). The preservation and enhancement of the human rights of all the people on Taiwan are hereby reaffirmed as objectives of the United States. " According to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, "Article 15: Everyone has the right to have a nationality. Second, no one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality." Since the U.S. government has officially declared that it no longer recognizes the Republic of China under Article 15-2 of the Taiwan Law; at the same time, the U.S. District Court Judge Rosemary Collyer of the U.S. District Court of Columbia made a public statement against the Lin v. USA judgment on March 18, 2008 "Plaintiffs (Taiwanese) have essentially been persons without a state for almost 60 years." The space for self-determination only must be politically confirmed by the highest executive branch of the US government. Now Biden, as the incumbent President of US, personally announced via video that Taiwan must decide their future by themselves. See through the whole picture, it is clear enough! https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/2329820/lin-v-united-states/

Act by yourself to be the house master

Reviewing back the 400-year history of Taiwan, the Netherlands, Cheng, Qing, Japan, and China, whenever the superpowers gather for talks, Taiwan is always reduced to a scapegoat on the table. On April 17, 1895, Lee Hong Chang of the Qing Dynasty signed the Shimonoseki Treaty with Ito Hirobumi of Japan; because of the defeat of Manchu Qing at the Sino-Japanese War, the full sovereignty of Taiwan and Penghu was ceded in perpetuity to Japan. On September 8, 1950, representatives of 51 countries around the world gathered with Japanese Prime Minister Shigeru Yoshida to open the San Francisco Peace Conference. In the end, representatives of 48 countries signed the peace treaty with Yoshida. Japan officially renounced all right, title and claim to Formosa and the Pescadores. History tells us that the residents of Taiwan Island have never participated in international conferences that determine their own destiny. Because Taiwan has not yet been established a Taiwanese government with its own territorial sovereignty, and the international community has been discussing, searching, and positioning, who is the sovereign of Taiwan? Sovereignty belongs to the government representing the people, not to any individual. Regrettably, we have not yet seen a Taiwanese government that legally represents all Taiwanese people. Biden clearly told us a few days ago that if Taiwan wants to be the master of the country, it must rely on Taiwan to fight for it, rather than relying on any other friendly country to build the country for us.

Who is the sovereign of Taiwan?

On April 7, 2009, the U.S. Federal Court of Appeals, the Columbia Circuit Court, Circuit Judge Brown, in the Lin v. USA opinion statement stated: 「Who is Taiwan's sovereign? Appellants may even be correct; careful analysis of the SFPT might lead us to conclude the United States has temporary sovereignty. But we will never know because the political question doctrine forbids us from commencing that analysis. Addressing Appellants' claims would require identification of Taiwan's sovereign. The Executive Branch has deliberately remained silent on this issue, and we cannot intrude on its decision. Therefore, as the district court correctly concluded, consideration of Appellants' claims is barred by the political question doctrine.」
 https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/cadc/08-5078/08-5078-1174554-2011-03-24.html

UN Res.2758 open door for Taiwan

Who is the sovereign of Taiwan has been a topic that has been explored by worldwide Taiwanese for many years? The San Francisco Peace Treaty tells us that the United States is the principal occupying power of Taiwan after WWII and has temporary transitional sovereignty over Taiwan. However, the circuit judge of the Federal Court ruled that Taiwan’s status is limited by the principle of political issues, so it cannot determine Taiwan’s existing international legal status. Now the head of the highest administration of the United States and the President of the United States have publicly declared that in the future of Taiwan, they must make their own decisions, not the United States. Therefore, all the people of Taiwan must think carefully about whether to choose to be a Taiwanese or a Chinese? Legally, the United Nations Resolution 2758 has determined that the ROC has been inherited by the PRC since October 25, 1971. If we still claim to be the ROC or the ROC-Taiwan, then it’s not that we’re crazy and asking insult., Are you looking for a dead end? Of course, China will not be polite to accept it.

Taiwan must decide not US

The United States has repeatedly reiterated that the Taiwan issue must be handled in a peaceful mean; but the United States has never asked for a peaceful manner to end the unfinished civil war between KMT and CCP. Therefore, we must clearly position ourselves as Taiwan; not the unclear ROC, which not only wants to own Taiwan but also want to represent China. If Taiwan wants to be the master of its own country and build its own country, of course it must rely on its own efforts to fight for it, rather than relying on the United States to work for us. Biden said: "They have to decide — they, Taiwan, not us (the United States)." It seems that this worship summit is an opportunity to open Taiwan's de jure identity.

John Hsieh
Hayward, California

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